Using the Bone Marrow of the Lost Fetus in the Case of Miscarriage for Transplantation New Bone Marrow for Children with Anaemia

Abstract

Thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders resulting from decreased synthesis of either the alpha or beta chains of hemoglobin (Hb). Hemoglobin functions as the oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells. It consists of two proteins, alpha and beta. If the body does not produce enough of either of these proteins, red blood cells do not form properly and cannot carry adequate oxygen; this causes anemia that begins in early childhood and persists throughout life. Thalassemia is a hereditary disease, meaning that at least one parent must be a carrier of the disease. This occurs either through a genetic mutation or the deletion of certain parts of key genes.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been proposed as a potential treatment option since the 1980s. Pediatric HSCT has better outcomes than adult HSCT, and in 1990, a risk score was proposed to assess transplant-related mortality in pediatric patients. A bone marrow transplant, also known as a bone marrow transplant or blood stem cell transplant, is a procedure that replaces unhealthy bone marrow with healthy blood-forming cells (stem cells) from a donor. A bone marrow transplant is the only potential cure for thrombocytopenia.

This type of transplant uses healthy blood-forming cells donated by someone else. These healthy cells can come from a family member, an unrelated donor, or umbilical cord blood. First, you receive chemotherapy, with or without radiation, to kill the unhealthy bone marrow. Then, you are given the healthy cells through an intravenous catheter. The new cells migrate into your bones and begin to form healthy blood cells.